'4000 Year Old Beauty' Princess of Xiaohe Is One Of Best Well Preserved Mummy

The Beauty of Loulan or Loulan Beauty is the preserved dead body of a woman who lived about 4000 years ago, during the Bronze Age. 

She was found on April 1, 1980 near the Silk Road in the Xinjiang region of China, by Chinese archaeologists Mu Sun-ing and members of the Archaeological Institute of the Xinjiang Academy of Social Sciences. 

She is one of the Tarim mummies, named after where they were found, the Tarim Basin.

Unlike Egyptian mummies, which were preserved on purpose, the Loulan Beauty was preserved almost by accident.

She was buried near a salt lake in a desert, where the arid and dry conditions preserved even the finer details of her face such as her eyelashes.

In 1993, Victor H. Mair and Italian geneticist Paolo Francalacci, were able to test some tissue samples, and although the Chinese government confiscated the samples, Mair 
claims a Chinese scientist later 'slipped in to their hands' as they were leaving.


They found that the Loulan Beauty was probably European but also probably came from Siberia. 

Later, in 2007 and 2009, scientists from China's Jilin University and Fudan University both tested the Loulan Beauty's DNA. They found she was at least part European, but her people might have lived in Siberia before migrating to Xinjiang.

But they all found that the Loulan Beauty was not an Uighur woman, which meant there was less reason for people to argue about her. In 2015, the Chinese government let the Loulan Beauty and other mummies tour foreign museums as an exhibit about the Silk Road.

Her ancestry on her father's side was said to be Indo-European, with a notable feature being her red hair. 

The woman is approximated to have been between 40-48 years old at the time of her death. The body is of 152-155 cm in stature.

Scientists learned things about her life by looking at her body and clothes. Her shoes and clothing having been worn out and fixed repeatedly.

Her hair was infested with lice. She had inhaled a great amount of sand, dust and charcoal. She may have died of lung problems. She lived around B.C 1900~B.C 1800.

The mummy is wrapped in a wool cloth, cowhide leather, and linen. She is wearing leather shoes. Several items made out of clay and some grain were found with her.

In 1980, she was restored by a Japanese painter named Yamaguchi Terunari. The mummy is currently displayed on the second floor of the Xinjiang Museum. 

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Source: Wikipedia, Wantubizhi, Washington Post
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