The full extent of notorious gang leader El Chapo's astonishing escape has been revealed by satellite images of the area surrounding the top security Mexican jail.
Aerial images of the jail and the surrounding countryside reveal just how complex the escape operation was, as a construction site sprang up over the course of a year just a mile from the Altiplano jail.
Given the sheer size of the operation, questions are being asked as to how no one at the jail reported noticing anything out of the ordinary.
Billionaire cartel leader Joaquin 'El Chapo' Guzman began his escape at 8.52pm on Saturday.
He entered the shower block at the high-security prison and, unnoticed by any guards, pried open a 50cm by 50cm grill in the floor of the shower block and climbed 32 feet down a ladder into a tunnel below the prison.
From there he used a motorbike that was waiting at the bottom for him to ride through the tunnel to freedom.
A miracle of subterranean construction, the remarkable tunnel was complete with air vents, electric lights, emergency oxygen tanks.
Although not a tall man - El Chapo means 'the shorty' in Spanish - the 5ft 6in gang lord was able to make his getaway standing upright in the 5.57 feet-high tunnel.
There was even a motorbike fitted to rails inside the tunnel to help remove the tonnes of earth when it was being built.
Neighbours have reported that a team of no more than four men were involved in constructing the tunnel, but the skilled workers stuck to a gruelling schedule of 10 hours a day for almost an entire year.
The engineers were forced to twice change the direction of the tunnel, in order to avoid the most sensitive areas of the prison, located 50 miles outside of Mexico City.
The underground getaway route carved a nearly mile-long path deep below the prison, before opening into a construction site in Santa Juana, hidden inside a ready-made house that was simple and understated.
The ramshackle and unfinished building housed two bedrooms and a cellar of 110-square-metres, from which the construction of the tunnel began.
While inside the building, it has been reported that the crime lord took his time, using the bathroom and collecting a change of clothes before once again disappearing into the Mexican countryside, eluding the authorities for the second time in 15 years.
The operation to construct the tunnel was enormous, and required extensive and precise planning with the help of detailed blueprints of the prison, obtained by El Chapo's men.
More than 3,250 tonnes of earth had to be removed and transported away from the site; the tunnel was nearly a mile long, 80cm wide and nearly two-metres tall, and would have produced 2,652 cubic metres of earth.
Once the earth was removed from the tunnel it was stored in a warehouse onsite, and from their taken away in trucks in tens of thousands of bags.
The sheer quantity of earth being removed would have required 379 dump trucks driving to and from the Santa Juana construction site.
Staff at the Altiplano prison are equipped with radar and electronic depth testing equipment which they are required to use regularly, specifically in order to check for tunnels.
But still nothing was ever reported.
Martin Barron, a security specialist for the National Institute of Penal Sciences, told Argentina's La Nacion: 'Since 1991, the prison has had sensors in the surroundings to stop anyone escaping.
'It was said that it would be impossible to build a tunnel within the prison's perimeters, let alone one of almost a mile.
'This shows us that either the sensors were not working well, or they had been disconnected.'
Nearby construction said to be connected to a water reservoir project, aiming to bring water from the west of the capital into Mexico City, would have helped avoid arousing suspicion.
The company responsible for the construction, Cutzamala Constructions, reportedly started the job around 14 months ago.
But some of the pipes have still not been laid and workers admitted they did not know why the work was taking place in that area.
But kingpin El Chapo is no stranger to subterranean getaways.
The Sinaloa cartel has a long history of tunnel building for stashing contraband and hiding its leaders, and even has its own engineering division to carry out the work.
A couple who live next to the end of El Chapo's escape tunnel have revealed how a mysterious neighbour who called himself 'El Pastor' moved into the area six months ago and claimed he was building a house.
Lorenzo Esquivel and Maria Esther Salgado, live a mile from the Altiplano jail in the town of Almoloya de Juarez.
The couple told how the man moved into the grey, brink building at the start of this year, before embarking on a series of building works.
They said the man – who they described as tall, portly and in his 50s – would often ferry material to and from the site in his red 4x4 and a white pick-up truck.
The man introduced himself as El Pastor – meaning the Shepherd – the couple told MailOnline.
'He definitely wasn't from around here but he was always very friendly,' they said.
'He told us he was building a new house on the property but we never saw any exterior changes.'
On Saturday, the day El Chapo made his escape, the couple described seeing two 'very luxury black 4x4s' also arrive at the property.
They saw the cars drive away again the following morning, along with El Pastor's two vehicles.
All of this is uncannily similar to the operation that El Chapo had led in the late 1980s, in the construction of his first drug-trafficking tunnel.
Evidence of the operation came to light in the trial of an architect, named Felipe Corona-Verbera, who was brought in to design and build a house on a site in the Mexican border town of Aqua Prieta.
Court papers reveal that El Chapo bought a patch of land in the town, according to the Daily Beast, before he began the construction of a tunnel from within the house, leading to a warehouse in Douglas, Arizona.
Soon, massive quantities of drugs were being transported through it.
A henchman called Miguel 'Gordo' Martinez-Martinez acted as a witness in the trial, at an Arizona federal court house in 2005.
'They started calling him The Fast One, 'El Rapido', because before the planes were arriving back in Colombia on the return, the cocaine was already in Los Angeles,' he testified.
'In the bedroom, underneath the bed there was a hydraulic system in which the bed would raise.
'People would enter through a ladder to put money away in the safes.'
The entrance to the first tunnel was hidden, not beneath a shower, but by a pool table.
But a lesser gang member brought the whole scheme tumbling down, when he left the front door to the house open, while the tunnel entrance was open.
'A policeman went by and saw the pool table on the ceiling,' continued Martinez-Martinez.
The architect, Felipe Corona-Verbera, was jailed for 18 years at the trial, but is the only architect working for El Chapo who has ever been caught.
The Sinaloa cartel has a long history of tunnel building, particularly along the US border where they were used to smuggle narcotics into America, and in his home state of Sinaloa, where subterranean structures still hide weapons.
Five days before his capture El Chapo fled from a military operation aimed at his capture through a tunnel in his mansion connected to the city's storm drains.
The tunnel was located below a bathtub, which raised itself vertically by the flick of a switch, revealing escape tunnels.
The same device was found in seven of the 19 separate houses belonging to El Chapo which the government seized following his capture.
Wanted by U.S. prosecutors and once featured in the Forbes list of billionaires, Guzman was gone by the time guards entered his cell in Altiplano prison in central Mexico, the CNS said.
'This is going to be a massive black eye for Pena Nieto's administration,' said Mike Vigil, former head of global operations for the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration.
'I don't think they took into account the cunning of Chapo Guzman and the unlimited resources he has. If Chapo Guzman is able to make it back to the mountainous terrain that he knows so well in the state of Sinaloa ... he may never be captured again.'
Prison workers were quickly detained over the escape, and more than 30 officials from the penitentiary have been interrogated in the course of the investigation so far.
The government has offered a $3.8million reward for information that leads to his capture.
Aerial images of the jail and the surrounding countryside reveal just how complex the escape operation was, as a construction site sprang up over the course of a year just a mile from the Altiplano jail.
Given the sheer size of the operation, questions are being asked as to how no one at the jail reported noticing anything out of the ordinary.
Billionaire cartel leader Joaquin 'El Chapo' Guzman began his escape at 8.52pm on Saturday.
He entered the shower block at the high-security prison and, unnoticed by any guards, pried open a 50cm by 50cm grill in the floor of the shower block and climbed 32 feet down a ladder into a tunnel below the prison.
From there he used a motorbike that was waiting at the bottom for him to ride through the tunnel to freedom.
A miracle of subterranean construction, the remarkable tunnel was complete with air vents, electric lights, emergency oxygen tanks.
Although not a tall man - El Chapo means 'the shorty' in Spanish - the 5ft 6in gang lord was able to make his getaway standing upright in the 5.57 feet-high tunnel.
There was even a motorbike fitted to rails inside the tunnel to help remove the tonnes of earth when it was being built.
Neighbours have reported that a team of no more than four men were involved in constructing the tunnel, but the skilled workers stuck to a gruelling schedule of 10 hours a day for almost an entire year.
The engineers were forced to twice change the direction of the tunnel, in order to avoid the most sensitive areas of the prison, located 50 miles outside of Mexico City.
The underground getaway route carved a nearly mile-long path deep below the prison, before opening into a construction site in Santa Juana, hidden inside a ready-made house that was simple and understated.
The ramshackle and unfinished building housed two bedrooms and a cellar of 110-square-metres, from which the construction of the tunnel began.
While inside the building, it has been reported that the crime lord took his time, using the bathroom and collecting a change of clothes before once again disappearing into the Mexican countryside, eluding the authorities for the second time in 15 years.
The operation to construct the tunnel was enormous, and required extensive and precise planning with the help of detailed blueprints of the prison, obtained by El Chapo's men.
More than 3,250 tonnes of earth had to be removed and transported away from the site; the tunnel was nearly a mile long, 80cm wide and nearly two-metres tall, and would have produced 2,652 cubic metres of earth.
Once the earth was removed from the tunnel it was stored in a warehouse onsite, and from their taken away in trucks in tens of thousands of bags.
The sheer quantity of earth being removed would have required 379 dump trucks driving to and from the Santa Juana construction site.
Staff at the Altiplano prison are equipped with radar and electronic depth testing equipment which they are required to use regularly, specifically in order to check for tunnels.
But still nothing was ever reported.
Martin Barron, a security specialist for the National Institute of Penal Sciences, told Argentina's La Nacion: 'Since 1991, the prison has had sensors in the surroundings to stop anyone escaping.
'It was said that it would be impossible to build a tunnel within the prison's perimeters, let alone one of almost a mile.
'This shows us that either the sensors were not working well, or they had been disconnected.'
Nearby construction said to be connected to a water reservoir project, aiming to bring water from the west of the capital into Mexico City, would have helped avoid arousing suspicion.
The company responsible for the construction, Cutzamala Constructions, reportedly started the job around 14 months ago.
But some of the pipes have still not been laid and workers admitted they did not know why the work was taking place in that area.
But kingpin El Chapo is no stranger to subterranean getaways.
The Sinaloa cartel has a long history of tunnel building for stashing contraband and hiding its leaders, and even has its own engineering division to carry out the work.
A couple who live next to the end of El Chapo's escape tunnel have revealed how a mysterious neighbour who called himself 'El Pastor' moved into the area six months ago and claimed he was building a house.
Lorenzo Esquivel and Maria Esther Salgado, live a mile from the Altiplano jail in the town of Almoloya de Juarez.
The couple told how the man moved into the grey, brink building at the start of this year, before embarking on a series of building works.
They said the man – who they described as tall, portly and in his 50s – would often ferry material to and from the site in his red 4x4 and a white pick-up truck.
The man introduced himself as El Pastor – meaning the Shepherd – the couple told MailOnline.
'He definitely wasn't from around here but he was always very friendly,' they said.
'He told us he was building a new house on the property but we never saw any exterior changes.'
On Saturday, the day El Chapo made his escape, the couple described seeing two 'very luxury black 4x4s' also arrive at the property.
They saw the cars drive away again the following morning, along with El Pastor's two vehicles.
All of this is uncannily similar to the operation that El Chapo had led in the late 1980s, in the construction of his first drug-trafficking tunnel.
Evidence of the operation came to light in the trial of an architect, named Felipe Corona-Verbera, who was brought in to design and build a house on a site in the Mexican border town of Aqua Prieta.
Court papers reveal that El Chapo bought a patch of land in the town, according to the Daily Beast, before he began the construction of a tunnel from within the house, leading to a warehouse in Douglas, Arizona.
Soon, massive quantities of drugs were being transported through it.
A henchman called Miguel 'Gordo' Martinez-Martinez acted as a witness in the trial, at an Arizona federal court house in 2005.
'They started calling him The Fast One, 'El Rapido', because before the planes were arriving back in Colombia on the return, the cocaine was already in Los Angeles,' he testified.
'In the bedroom, underneath the bed there was a hydraulic system in which the bed would raise.
'People would enter through a ladder to put money away in the safes.'
The entrance to the first tunnel was hidden, not beneath a shower, but by a pool table.
But a lesser gang member brought the whole scheme tumbling down, when he left the front door to the house open, while the tunnel entrance was open.
'A policeman went by and saw the pool table on the ceiling,' continued Martinez-Martinez.
The architect, Felipe Corona-Verbera, was jailed for 18 years at the trial, but is the only architect working for El Chapo who has ever been caught.
The Sinaloa cartel has a long history of tunnel building, particularly along the US border where they were used to smuggle narcotics into America, and in his home state of Sinaloa, where subterranean structures still hide weapons.
Five days before his capture El Chapo fled from a military operation aimed at his capture through a tunnel in his mansion connected to the city's storm drains.
The tunnel was located below a bathtub, which raised itself vertically by the flick of a switch, revealing escape tunnels.
The same device was found in seven of the 19 separate houses belonging to El Chapo which the government seized following his capture.
Wanted by U.S. prosecutors and once featured in the Forbes list of billionaires, Guzman was gone by the time guards entered his cell in Altiplano prison in central Mexico, the CNS said.
'This is going to be a massive black eye for Pena Nieto's administration,' said Mike Vigil, former head of global operations for the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration.
'I don't think they took into account the cunning of Chapo Guzman and the unlimited resources he has. If Chapo Guzman is able to make it back to the mountainous terrain that he knows so well in the state of Sinaloa ... he may never be captured again.'
Prison workers were quickly detained over the escape, and more than 30 officials from the penitentiary have been interrogated in the course of the investigation so far.
The government has offered a $3.8million reward for information that leads to his capture.
Music : Tango de Manzana by Kevin MacLeod
Source : DailyMail , Grupo Reforma, Reuters
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